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      "@value" : "The gastrointestinal tract uses a system of tolerance and\ncontrolled inflammation to limit the response to dietary or\nbacteria-derived antigens in the gut. The triggering factor\nfor this and cascade whether it represents an auto-antigen\nor an heteroantigen is still to be elucidated. It has been\nalso demonstrated that a serologic anti-microbial response\nin CD patients exists. This response includes antibodies\nagainst saccharomyces cerevisiae (ASCA), E.coli outer\nmembrane porin C (Omp-C), flagelin (cBir1) and pseudomonas\naeroginosa (l2). Host response to microbial pathogens\nincludes self-defense mechanisms such as defensins,\npattern recognition receptors (PRRs) and TLRs (Toll Like\nReceptors).\nNatural history of IBD has been described mainly through\nstudies in American and north European IBD cohorts. In\ngeneral, 50-60% of IBD patients are in remission during\nany given year. The likelihood of steroid dependency remains\nhigh in IBD. The prediction of disease location seems\nquite safe as the location of the disease remains stable over\ntime. By contrast the disease behaviour changes over time\nwith increasing risk for structuring/penetrating disease with\nlonger disease duration. The question whether currently\navailable therapies are able to alter natural history of IBD\nstill remains unanswered. The risk of colorectal cancer in\nUC patients begins to increase 8 years from diagnosis and\nhigh risk groups are patients with extensive colitis, young\nage at UC onset, familial cancer history and co-existing primary sclerosing cholangitis. In CD the risk of cancer\nseems to be comparatively smaller. Life expectancy of CD\npatients is slightly lower compared to healthy subjects while\nlife expectancy in UC patients is generally normal."
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