Βιβλιογραφία : σ. 27 - 35
The microbiome, derived from the Greek words "μικρο" (micro) meaning "small" and "βίωμα" (biome) meaning "of life," refers to the diverse community of microorganisms inhabiting the human body. The human gut microbiome, consists of bacteria, archaea, eukaryotes, and
viruses, is particularly abundant and plays a crucial role in various physiological processes. It also plays a crucial role in the maturation and development of the host's immune system, protecting against pathogens and maintaining immune and metabolic homeostasis. Dysbiosis of the gut microbiota is associated with various diseases, including diabetes, obesity, inflammatory bowel disease, neurological disorders, cardiovascular diseases, colorectal cancer, and allergies. Probiotics and dietary interventions, like prebiotics and a balanced diet, show promise in improving mental well-being. Algae and their extracts represent a valuable source of bioactive compounds and nutritional components, with potential health benefits and applications in diverse fields. They have been used for centuries and are increasingly being
studied for their therapeutic potential in areas such as drug development, food components, and supplements. Seaweeds and microalgae contain phytochemicals such as carotenoids, pigments,
fatty acids, polysaccharides, peptides, and more, with applications in various industries. This study seeks to offer a thorough overview of clinical studies and bioassays that have examined how algae and their extracts affect the structure and operation of the gut microbiome.
Clinical studies and bioassays published until December 31st, 2022, examining the effect of algae and their extracts to gut microbiome were searched in PubMed, Scopus, Web of Science, Cochrane Central Register of Controlled Trials, the International Traditional Medicine Clinical Trial Registry, the European Union Clinical Trials Register, Pan African Clinical Trials Registry and ClinicalTrials.gov by NIH. The Preferred Reporting Items for Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis Protocols (PRISMA) was followed. The search yielded 452 articles, of
which only 23 met the inclusion criteria and were included in our study.
Around 19 different algae were tested on animal models and all displayed various outcomes, from minor to remarkable changes on the gut microbiome composition and structure. However, additional bioassays and human clinical studies are necessary for a more integrated organism response as well as to elucidate the various biological effects and establish the potential benefits and/or risks associated with the consumption of algae and algae-derived extracts on the gastrointestinal microbiome.
40 σ.
Democritus University of Thrace
