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Computational study of pulsatile blood flow in prototype vessel geometries of coronary segments

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Computational study of pulsatile blood flow in prototype vessel geometries of coronary segments (EN)
Marmarellis, V (EN)
Kaiktsis, L (EN)
Chaniotis, AK (EN)
Katritsis, D (EN)
Efstathopoulos, E (EN)
Pantos, I (EN)
journalArticle (EN)
2014-03-01T01:33:02Z
2010 (EN)
The spatial and temporal distributions of wall shear stress (WSS) in prototype vessel geometries of coronary segments are investigated via numerical simulation, and the potential association with vascular disease and specifically atherosclerosis and plaque rupture is discussed. In particular, simulation results of WSS spatio-temporal distributions are presented for pulsatile, non-Newtonian blood flow conditions for: (a) curved pipes with different curvatures, and (b) bifurcating pipes with different branching angles and flow division. The effects of non-Newtonian flow on WSS (compared to Newtonian flow) are found to be small at Reynolds numbers representative of blood flow in coronary arteries. Specific preferential sites of average low WSS (and likely atherogenesis) were found at the outer regions of the bifurcating branches just after the bifurcation, and at the outer-entry and inner-exit flow regions of the curved vessel segment. The drop in WSS was more dramatic at the bifurcating vessel sites (less than 5% of the pre-bifurcation value). These sites were also near rapid gradients of WSS changes in space and time a fact that increases the risk of rupture of plaque likely to develop at these sites. The time variation of the WSS spatial distributions was very rapid around the start and end of the systolic phase of the cardiac cycle, when strong fluctuations of intravascular pressure were also observed. These rapid and strong changes of WSS and pressure coincide temporally with the greatest flexion and mechanical stresses induced in the vessel wall by myocardial motion (ventricular contraction). The combination of these factors may increase the risk of plaque rupture and thrombus formation at these sites. (C) 2009 Published by Elsevier Ltd on behalf of Associazione Italiana di Fisica Medica. (EN)
Biophysics (EN)
Blood Pressure (EN)
Bifurcating pipe (EN)
simulation (EN)
Humans (EN)
Ventricular Function (EN)
Stress, Mechanical (EN)
mechanical stress (EN)
Wall shear stress (EN)
flow rate (EN)
Coronary Vessels (EN)
shear stress (EN)
Time Factors (EN)
Blood flow simulation (EN)
von Willebrand factor (EN)
Computer Simulation (EN)
Curved pipe (EN)
thrombocyte aggregation (EN)
atherosclerosis (EN)
heart valve prosthesis (EN)
Myocardial Contraction (EN)
heart cycle (EN)
cell proliferation (EN)
Models, Cardiovascular (EN)
Periodicity (EN)
blood vessel wall (EN)
mathematical analysis (EN)
Coronary Artery Disease (EN)
Regional Blood Flow (EN)
article (EN)
Platelet Aggregation (EN)
coronary artery blood flow (EN)
Algorithms (EN)
mathematical computing (EN)
vascular disease (EN)
internalization (EN)
geometry (EN)
Coronary Thrombosis (EN)
Coronary Aneurysm (EN)
Physica Medica (EN)
Αγγλική γλώσσα
IST EDITORIALI POLGRAFICI INT (EN)
Εθνικό Μετσόβιο Πολυτεχνείο
Ψηφιακό Αποθετήριο της Κεντρικής Βιβλιοθήκης του ΕΜΠ | Dspace@NTUA
Κεντρική Βιβλιοθήκη Ε.Μ.Π.
Ιδρυματικό Αποθετήριο
Δημοσιεύσεις μελών Δ.Ε.Π. σε περιοδικά



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